rev 1.1.2 4/27/01 characteristics subject to change without notice. 1 of 10 www.xicor.com X9C102/103/104/503 digitally controlled potentiometer (xdcp ) features solid-state potentiometer 3-wire serial interface 100 wiper tap points wiper position stored in nonvolatile memory and recalled on power-up 99 resistive elements temperature compensated end to end resistance, ?0% terminal voltages, ?v low power cmos ? cc = 5v active current, 3ma max. standby current, 750? max. high reliability endurance, 100,000 data changes per bit register data retention, 100 years X9C102 = 1 k ? x9c103 = 10 k ? x9c503 = 50 k ? x9c104 = 100 k ? packages 8-lead soic and dip description the x9cxxx are xicor digitally controlled (xdcp) potentiometers. the device consists of a resistor array, wiper switches, a control section, and nonvolatile memory. the wiper position is controlled by a three- wire interface. the potentiometer is implemented by a resistor array composed of 99 resistive elements and a wiper switch- ing network. between each element and at either end are tap points accessible to the wiper terminal. the position of the wiper element is controlled by the cs , u/d , and inc inputs. the position of the wiper can be stored in nonvolatile memory and then be recalled upon a subsequent power-up operation. the device can be used as a three-terminal potentiom- eter or as a two-terminal variable resistor in a wide variety of applications including: control parameter adjustments signal processing a pplication n ote a v a i l a b l e an99 ?an115 ?an120 ?an124 ?an133 ?an134 ?an135 terminal voltages ?v, 100 taps block diagram up/down (inc ) increment device (u/d ) (cs ) v cc (supply voltage) v ss (ground) 7-bit up/down counter 7-bit nonvolatile memory store and recall control circuitry one of hundred decoder resistor array u/d inc cs transfer v cc gnd one- gates 99 98 97 96 2 1 0 control and memory general detailed r l /v l r w /v w r h /v h v h /r h r w /v w v l /r l select xdcp is a trademark of xicor, inc.
X9C102/103/104/503 characteristics subject to change without notice. 2 of 10 rev 1.1.2 4/27/01 www.xicor.com pin descriptions r h /v h and r l /v l the high (v h /r h ) and low (v l /r l ) terminals of the X9C102/103/104/503 are equivalent to the ?ed termi- nals of a mechanical potentiometer. the minimum volt- age is ?v and the maximum is +5v. the terminology of v h /r h and v l /r l references the relative position of the terminal in relation to wiper movement direction selected by the u/d input and not the voltage potential on the terminal. r w /v w v w /r w is the wiper terminal, and is equivalent to the movable terminal of a mechanical potentiometer. the position of the wiper within the array is determined by the control inputs. the wiper terminal series resistance is typically 40 ? . up/down (u/d ) the u/d input controls the direction of the wiper move- ment and whether the counter is incremented or dec- remented. increment (inc ) the inc input is negative-edge triggered. toggling inc will move the wiper and either increment or decre- ment the counter in the direction indicated by the logic level on the u/d input. chip select (cs ) the device is selected when the cs input is low. the current counter value is stored in nonvolatile memory when cs is returned high while the inc input is also high. after the store operation is complete the X9C102/103/104/503 device will be placed in the low power standby mode until the device is selected once again. pin configuration pin names principles of operation there are three sections of the x9cxxx: the input con- trol, counter and decode section; the nonvolatile mem- ory; and the resistor array. the input control section operates just like an up/down counter. the output of this counter is decoded to turn on a single electronic switch connecting a point on the resistor array to the wiper output. under the proper conditions the contents of the counter can be stored in nonvolatile memory and retained for future use. the resistor array is com- prised of 99 individual resistors connected in series. at either end of the array and between each resistor is an electronic switch that transfers the potential at that point to the wiper. the wiper, when at either ?ed terminal, acts like its mechanical equivalent and does not move beyond the last position. that is, the counter does not wrap around when clocked to either extreme. the electronic switches on the device operate in a ?ake before break mode when the wiper changes tap positions. if the wiper is moved several positions, multiple taps are connected to the wiper for t iw (inc to v w /r w change). the r total value for the device can temporarily be reduced by a signi?ant amount if the wiper is moved several positions. when the device is powered-down, the last wiper posi- tion stored will be maintained in the nonvolatile mem- ory. when power is restored, the contents of the memory are recalled and the wiper is set to the value last stored. v cc cs v l /r l v w /r w inc u/d v ss 1 2 3 4 8 7 6 5 v h /r h X9C102/103/104/503 dip/soic symbol description v h /r h high terminal v w /r w wiper terminal v l /r l low terminal v ss ground v cc supply voltage u/d up/down control input inc increment control input cs chip select control input nc no connection
X9C102/103/104/503 characteristics subject to change without notice. 3 of 10 rev 1.1.2 4/27/01 www.xicor.com instructions and programming the inc , u/d and cs inputs control the movement of the wiper along the resistor array. with cs set low the device is selected and enabled to respond to the u/d and inc inputs. high to low transitions on inc will increment or decrement (depending on the state of the u/d input) a seven-bit counter. the output of this counter is decoded to select one of one-hundred wiper positions along the resistive array. the value of the counter is stored in nonvolatile mem- ory whenever cs transitions high while the inc input is also high. the system may select the x9cxxx, move the wiper, and deselect the device without having to store the lat- est wiper position in nonvolatile memory. after the wiper movement is performed as described above and once the new position is reached, the system must keep inc low while taking cs high. the new wiper position will be maintained until changed by the sys- tem or until a power-down/up cycle recalled the previ- ously stored data. this procedure allows the system to always power-up to a preset value stored in nonvolatile memory; then during system operation minor adjustments could be made. the adjustments might be based on user pref- erence: system parameter changes due to tempera- ture drift, etc... the state of u/d may be changed while cs remains low. this allows the host system to enable the device and then move the wiper up and down until the proper trim is attained. mode selection symbol table cs inc u/d mode l h wiper up l l wiper down h x store wiper position h x x standby current l x no store, return to standby waveform inputs outputs must be steady will be steady may change from low to high will change from low to high may change from high to low will change from high to low don? care: changes allowed changing: state not known n/a center line is high impedance
X9C102/103/104/503 characteristics subject to change without notice. 4 of 10 rev 1.1.2 4/27/01 www.xicor.com absolute maximum ratings temperature under bias ....................?5? to +135? storage temperature .........................?5? to +150? voltage on cs , inc , u/d and v cc with respect to v ss .................................. ?v to +7v voltage on v h /r h and v l /r l referenced to v ss ................................... ?v to +8v ? v = |v h /r h ? l /r l | X9C102 ............................................................... 4v x9c103, x9c503, and x9c104 ......................... 10v lead temperature (soldering, 10 seconds)...... +300? i w (10 seconds) ................................................ 8.8ma comment stresses above those listed under ?bsolute maximum ratings may cause permanent damage to the device. this is a stress rating only; functional operation of the device (at these or any other conditions above those listed in the operational sections of this speci?ation) is not implied. exposure to absolute maximum rating conditions for extended periods may affect device reliability. recommended operating conditions temperature min. max. commercial 0? +70? industrial ?0? +85? military ?5? +125? supply voltage (v cc ) limits X9C102/103/104/503 5v ?0% potentiometer characteristics (over recommended operating conditions unless otherwise stated.) notes: (1) absolute linearity is utilized to determine actual wiper voltage versus expected voltage = [v w(n)(actual) ? w(n)(expected ) ] = ? mi maximum. (2) relative linearity is a measure of the error in step size between taps = v w(n + 1) ?v w(n) + mi ] = +0.2 mi. (3) 1 mi = minimum increment = r tot /99 (4) typical values are for t a = 25? and nominal supply voltage. (5) this parameter is not 100% tested. symbol parameter limits unit test conditions/notes min. typ. max. r total end to end resistance variation ?0 +20 % v vh/rh v h terminal voltage ? +5 v v vl/rl v l terminal voltage ? +5 v power rating 16 mw X9C102 power rating 10 mw x9c103/104/503 i w wiper current -4.4 4.4 ma r w wiper resistance 40 100 ? wiper current = ?ma noise ?20 dbv ref. 1khz resolution 1 % absolute linearity (1) ? +1 m (3) v w(n)(actual) ? w(n)(expected) relative linearity (2) ?.2 +0.2 mi (3) v w(n + 1)(actual) ?v w(n) + mi ] rtotal temperature coefficient ?00 ppm/? x9c103/503/104 rtotal temperature coefficient ?00 ppm/? X9C102 ratiometric temperature coefficient ?0 ppm/? c h /c l /c w potentiometer capacitances 10/10/25 pf see circuit #3, macro model
X9C102/103/104/503 characteristics subject to change without notice. 5 of 10 rev 1.1.2 4/27/01 www.xicor.com d.c. operating characteristics (over recommended operating conditions unless otherwise specified.) endurance and data retention symbol parameter limits unit test conditions min. typ. (4) max. i cc v cc active current 1 3 ma cs = v il , u/d = v il or v ih and inc = 0.4v to 2.4v @ max. t cyc i sb standby supply current 200 750 ? cs = v cc ?0.3v, u/d and inc = v ss or v cc ?0.3v i li cs , inc , u/d input leak- age current ?0 ? v in = v ss to v cc v ih cs , inc , u/d input high voltage 2v cc + 1 v v il cs , inc , u/d input low voltage ? 0.8 v c in (2) cs , inc , u/d input capacitance 10 pf v cc = 5v, v in = v ss , t a = 25?, f = 1mhz parameter min. unit minimum endurance 100,000 data changes per bit per register data retention 100 years test circuit #1 test circuit #2 test circuit #3 test point v w /r w v r /r h v s v l /r l force current v h /r h test point v w /r w v l /r l r h c h 10pf c w r l c l r w r total 25pf 10pf macro model
X9C102/103/104/503 characteristics subject to change without notice. 6 of 10 rev 1.1.2 4/27/01 www.xicor.com a.c. conditions of test a.c. operating characteristics (over recommended operating conditions unless otherwise specified) power up and down requirements there are no restrictions on the sequencing of bias supplies v cc , v+, and v- provided that all three supplies reach their ?al values within 1msec of each other. at all times, voltages on the potentiometer pins must be less than v+ and more than v-. the recall of the wiper position from nonvolatile memory is not in effect until all supplies reach their ?al value. the v cc ramp rate spec is always in effect. a.c. timing notes: (6) typical values are for t a = 25? and nominal supply voltage. (7) this parameter is periodically sampled and not 100% tested. (8) mi in the a.c. timing diagram refers to the minimum incremental change in the v w output due to a change in the wiper position. input pulse levels 0v to 3v input rise and fall times 10ns input reference levels 1.5v symbol parameter limits unit min. typ. (6) max. t cl cs to inc setup 100 ns t ld inc high to u/d change 100 ns t di u/d to inc setup 2.9 ? t ll inc low period 1 s t lh inc high period 1 s t lc inc inactive to cs inactive 1 s t cph cs deselect time (store) 20 ms t cph cs deselect time (no store) 100 ns t iw inc to v w/rw change 100 500 ? t cyc inc cycle time 4 s t r , t f (7) inc input rise and fall time 500 ? t pu (7) power up to wiper stable 500 ? t r v cc (7) v cc power-up rate 0.2 50 v/ms cs inc u/d v w t ci t il t ih t cyc t id t di t iw mi (8) t ic t cph t f t r 10% 90% 90%
X9C102/103/104/503 characteristics subject to change without notice. 7 of 10 rev 1.1.2 4/27/01 www.xicor.com performance characteristics contact the factory for more information. applications information electronic digitally controlled (xcdp) potentiometers provide three powerful application advantages; (1) the vari- ability and reliability of a solid-state potentiometer, (2) the ?xibility of computer-based digital controls, and (3) the retentivity of nonvolatile memory used for the storage of multiple potentiometer settings or data. basic configurations of electronic potentiometers basic circuits v r v r i three terminal potentiometer; variable voltage divider two terminal variable resistor; variable current v h /r h v l /r l v w /r w cascading techniques buffered reference voltage + +5v r 1 +v ?v v w v ref v out op-07 v w /r w v w /r w +v +v +v x (a) (b) v out = v w /r w noninverting amplifier v o = (1+r 2 /r 1 )v s voltage regulator r 1 r 2 i adj v o (reg) = 1.25v (1+r 2 /r 1 )+i adj r 2 v o (reg) v in 317 offset voltage adjustment + v s v o r 2 r 1 100k ? 10k ? 10k ? 10k ? -12v +12v tl072 comparator with hysteresis v ul = {r 1 /(r 1 +r 2 )} v o (max) v ll = {r 1 /(r 1 +r 2 )} v o (min) + v s v o r 2 r 1 lm308a +5v ?v + v s v o r 2 r 1 } } lt311a (for additional circuits see an115)
X9C102/103/104/503 characteristics subject to change without notice. 8 of 10 rev 1.1.2 4/27/01 www.xicor.com packaging information note: 1. all dimensions in inches (in parentheses in millimeters) 2. package dimensions exclude molding flash 0.020 (0.51) 0.016 (0.41) 0.150 (3.81) 0.125 (3.18) 0.110 (2.79) 0.090 (2.29) 0.430 (10.92) 0.360 (9.14) 0.300 (7.62) ref. pin 1 index 0.145 (3.68) 0.128 (3.25) 0.025 (0.64) 0.015 (0.38) pin 1 seating 0.065 (1.65) 0.045 (1.14) 0.260 (6.60) 0.240 (6.10) 0.060 (1.52) 0.020 (0.51) typ. 0.010 (0.25) 0 15 8-lead plastic dual in-line package type p half shoulder width on all end pins optional .073 (1.84) max. 0.325 (8.25) 0.300 (7.62) plane
X9C102/103/104/503 characteristics subject to change without notice. 9 of 10 rev 1.1.2 4/27/01 www.xicor.com packaging information 0.150 (3.80) 0.158 (4.00) 0.228 (5.80) 0.244 (6.20) 0.014 (0.35) 0.019 (0.49) pin 1 pin 1 index 0.010 (0.25) 0.020 (0.50) 0.050 (1.27) 0.188 (4.78) 0.197 (5.00) 0.004 (0.19) 0.010 (0.25) 0.053 (1.35) 0.069 (1.75) (4x) 7 0.016 (0.410) 0.037 (0.937) 0.0075 (0.19) 0.010 (0.25) 0?- 8 x 45 8-lead plastic small outline gull wing package type s note: all dimensions in inches (in parentheses in millimeters) 0.250" 0.050" typical 0.050" typical 0.030" typical 8 places footprint
X9C102/103/104/503 characteristics subject to change without notice. 10 of 10 rev 1.1.2 4/27/01 www.xicor.com ?icor, inc. 2001 patents pending limited warranty devices sold by xicor, inc. are covered by the warranty and patent indemni?ation provisions appearing in its terms of sale onl y. xicor, inc. makes no warranty, express, statutory, implied, or by description regarding the information set forth herein or regarding the freedom of the descr ibed devices from patent infringement. xicor, inc. makes no warranty of merchantability or ?ness for any purpose. xicor, inc. reserves the right to discontinue produ ction and change speci?ations and prices at any time and without notice. xicor, inc. assumes no responsibility for the use of any circuitry other than circuitry embodied in a xicor, inc. product. no o ther circuits, patents, or licenses are implied. copyrights and trademarks xicor, inc., the xicor logo, e 2 pot, xdcp, xbga, autostore, direct write cell, concurrent read-write, pass, mps, pushpot, block lock, identiprom, e 2 key, x24c16, secureflash, and serialflash are all trademarks or registered trademarks of xicor, inc. all other brand and produc t names mentioned herein are used for identification purposes only, and are trademarks or registered trademarks of their respective holders. u.s. patents xicor products are covered by one or more of the following u.s. patents: 4,326,134; 4,393,481; 4,404,475; 4,450,402; 4,486,769; 4,488,060; 4,520,461; 4,533,846; 4,599,706; 4,617,652; 4,668,932; 4,752,912; 4,829,482; 4,874,967; 4,883,976; 4,980,859; 5,012,132; 5,003,197; 5,023,694; 5,084, 667; 5,153,880; 5,153,691; 5,161,137; 5,219,774; 5,270,927; 5,324,676; 5,434,396; 5,544,103; 5,587,573; 5,835,409; 5,977,585. foreign patents and addition al patents pending. life related policy in situations where semiconductor component failure may endanger life, system designers using this product should design the sy stem with appropriate error detection and correction, redundancy and back-up features to prevent such an occurrence. xicor s products are not authorized for use in critical components in life support devices or systems. 1. life support devices or systems are devices or systems which, (a) are intended for surgical implant into the body, or (b) sup port or sustain life, and whose failure to perform, when properly used in accordance with instructions for use provided in the labeling, can be reasonably expected to res ult in a signi?ant injury to the user. 2. a critical component is any component of a life support device or system whose failure to perform can be reasonably expected to cause the failure of the life support device or system, or to affect its safety or effectiveness. ordering information physical characteristics marking includes: manufacturer s trademark resistance value or code date code temperature range blank = commercial = 0 c to +70 c i = industrial = ?0 c to +85 c package p = 8-lead plastic dip s = 8-lead soic end to end resistance 102 = 1 k ? 103 = 10 k ? 104 = 100 k ? 503 = 50 k ? x9cxxx x x
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